The Geotab GO7 Certification Process

As the end user of a GO7 device, perhaps you have wondered what steps it took to get the device in your hands and into your vehicle. As you can imagine, your device went through a complex process involving tests, certification and compliance, before being accepted for use. The exact test and certification process depends on your carrier and location but generally follows the following procedure.

Pre-certification Tests

Before certifying the GO7, Geotab carried out a series of exhaustive tests to check for compliance. These tests include the following:

Automotive electromagnetic compliance tests as per the specifications of the relevant international associations, SAE and CISPR(International Special Committee on Radio Interference) including:

• Inductive switching
• Starter motor engagement
• Burst transients
• Electrostatic discharge
• Electrical fast transient burst
• Radiated immunity
Radiated emissions
• Conducted emissions

Environmental tests:

• Operation and functioning (-40℃ to +85℃)
• Thermal shock
• Operational shock
• Mechanical vibration

Radio frequency tests:

• Conducted and OTA (over-the-air) pre-tests to ensure that the RF performance meets specified limits

Mechanical Vibration Test

Radiated Emissions Test

Sample Submission

Samples are required to be submitted to carrier-approved labs or carrier labs for test and certification. In some cases, the labs would need firmware to be modified to an engineering version, which gives control over the device. In other circumstances, samples might need the internal antenna to be removed and replaced with radio frequency compatible cables and connectors.

Certification in the U.S

The requirements for any region can be broadly divided into those enforced by government agencies, industry agencies and carriers. U.S. certification requirements for the GO7 are summarized below – the tests are applicable mainly to 2G and 3G devices. For CDMA devices, which do not need PTCRB (certification body in North America) approval, a subset of the tests is used – FCC (Federal Communications Commission) Part 15B, RF performance and carrier certification. Other regions follow a similar process and have requirements of their own governmental agencies. For example, Industry Canada and CE (Europe).

Government Requirements

In the U.S., the FCC has requirements that the GO7 must comply with. Part 15B is mandatory for all GO7 versions, while Parts 2, 22H, and 24E are applicable only to GO7 2G and 3G versions.

FCC certification (Part 15B) tests for unintentional radiators.

FCC certification (Parts 2, 22H, 24E) tests for the following:

• Conducted power
• Peak-to-average ratio of RF transmission
• Effective radiated power/Effective isotropic radiated power
• Band-edge measurements
• Bandwidth measurements
• Conducted spurious emissions
• Frequency stability
• Field strength of spurious radiations

Industry Requirements

PTCRB was set up by the cellular industry to ensure compliance to carrier standards. Most carriers require PTCRB certification, with the exception of those using CDMA technology. PTCRB certification entails the following tests:

• Conformance tests to 2G and 3G technology (including idle mode, radiated spurious emissions-intentional, receiver flatness, SIM tests)
• Specific absorption ratio (human exposure to RF radiation)

Radio frequency performance:

• Total radiated power (TRP): a measure of the RF power transmitted
• Total isotropic sensitivity (TIS): a measure of sensitivity to received RF signals

Pass/fail RF criteria of the carrier must be met where specified.

Carrier Requirements

Most carriers perform additional tests to ensure that the device works seamlessly with their network. In some cases, this might require firmware changes and re-testing until the carrier’s requirements are met.

The rigorous test methodology ensures that the GO7 device you use is of the highest level of quality and reliability. The GO7 is currently certified for use with major carriers such as Sprint, Verizon, Rogers, Telus, and Telefonica, while certifications in Singapore and Australia are ongoing.

Source:
Original Article By: Deepak Sharma, Senior Hardware Engineer at Geotab
https://www.geotab.com/blog/geotab-go7-certification-process/